Steam-turbine.



No. 766,519. PATENTED AUG. 2, 1904. P. 'I'. PERKINS.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23. 1903.

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STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1903.

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No. 766,519. PATENTED AUG. 2, 1904. P. T. PERKINS.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2a, 1903.

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P. T. PERKINS.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1903.

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NTTED STATES Patented August 2, 1904.

PATENT OFFicE.

PARDON T. PERKINS, OF OSWEGO, NEIY YORK, r SSIONOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN J. TONKIN, OF OSWEGO, NElV YORK.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,519, dated August 2, 1904.

Application filed November 23,1908. Serial No. 182,222- (No model.)

To rtZZ 707mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, PARDON T. PERKINS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oswego. in the county of Oswego, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the class of turbines which are designed to be driven by steampower.

The object of the invention is to provide a turbine which shall combine greater efiiciency I 5 of operation with minimum consumption of steam and obviate lateral vibration of the turbine during its rotation and also occupy minimum space; and to that end the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of the component parts of the turbine, as hereinafter described, and summed up in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a turbine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged edge view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through the center of the turbine. Fig. I is an enlarged side view of the central portion of the rotary disk of the turbine with the stationary guide-blades represented in dotted lines. and Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional view illustrating the attachment of the drive-blades and guide-blades of the turbine.

3 5 Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A represents the shaft, which is designed to receive rotary motion from the steam-turbine. My invention resides in the construction of the said turbine, which is as follows, to Wit: A disk D is keyed or otherwise rigidly secured at its center to the shaft A. To opposite sides of this disk are fastened the laterallyproject-.

ing drive-blades c a, which are arranged in the form of rings or circles disposed at regular distances apart and concentric to the shaft A and are firmly attached at one end to annular plates 1) 7) by dovetailed joints or in any other suitable manner, which plates are riveted or otherwise rigidly attached to the sides of the disk, as more clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The disk D, with its driveblades a a secured thereto, is inelosed in a stationary case C, composed of side sections, which are provided with flanges (Z (Z and are united by means of bolts or rivets a a, passing through said flanges. The inner sides of said case are in proximity to the free ends of the drive-blades n a and have projecting from them the guide-blades cc, which are arranged in concentric rings, spaced so as to allow the rings of drive-blades a a to pass between the rings of guide blades. These guide blades are fastened to annular plates ff, which are riveted or bolted to the case, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The said guide-blades and drive-blades are concaved transversely, as represented in Fig. at of the drawings. The concavities of the drive-blades are deepened and terminate in prolonged forward inclinations 7 for the purpose of causing them to be more effectually impinged and moved by the pressure of the steam admitted into the case. The eoneavities of the guide-blades c c are merely of suitable curvature to direct the steam to the drive-blades.

To increase the eflicieney of the turbine, I form the guide-blades and drive-blades 0f the successive rings of increasing lengths from the inlet to the outlet of the steam, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and thus permit greater expansion of the steam.

The central portion of the case O is formed with steam-inlet openings 9 g at opposite sides of thedisk, and with the said. openings com- 5 municate steam-ducts it 7, formed in the boxes i 2', which are bolted to the exterior of the case O and project therefrom. To these steamboxes i z are attached the steam-pipes j j, which communicate with the steam-ducts 11 it. 9 Said steam-pipes are united and connected at their junction to a larger main pipe P, which is provided with a suitable throttle R for con trolling the inlet of steam to the case C of the turbine.

A suitable governor (notshown) may be attached to the pipe P back of the throttle R for automatically regulating the flow of steam to the aforesaid case during the operation of the turbine.

To prevent the steam from coming in contact with the shaft A, I connect to the hub of the disk D tubular extensions or sleeves Z Z, which envelop the portions of the shaft at the steam-ducts h it, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The sleeves Z Z are preferably fastened at their outer ends to the steam-boxes z 2', and are thus rendered stationary.

To guard against leakage of steam through the outer ends of the steam-boxes Z i, a suit' able packing is applied to the shaft in the end portions of the said steam-boxes. For this purpose I prefer to employ a steam-packing consisting of brass or other suitable metallic rings t 6, either formed on or attached to the shaft and suitably fitted in grooves in the steam-boxes.

The steam-ducts h h I prefer to gradually enlarge toward the case G to permit expansion of the steam.

On large turbines I employ auxiliary steaminduction pipes p p, communicating with the interior of the case C at points intermediate the axis and the periphery of the turbine. Said pipes branch from a pipe 1*, which is provided with a throttle s.

0 denotes the exhaust-pipe, which taps the case C at the periphery thereof.

It will be observed that in my improved turbine the lateral vibration thereof during its operation is obviated by the admission of the steam at opposite sides of the case 0, and thus equalizing the pressure of the steam on opposite sides of the disk D.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with the driving-shaft, of a disk fastened at its center to said shaft, sleeves enveloping the shaft at opposite sides of the disk, a stationary case inclosing the disk and formed with central openings at opposite sides of the disk, steam-induction boxes projecting from the center of the case and leading to opposite sides of the disk, an

exhaust-outlet on the periphery of the case, a plurality of concentric rings of drive-blades projecting from opposite side of the disk and increasing in length in the successive rings from the central portion to the peripheral portion of the disk, and concentric rings of guideblades projecting from the sides of the case and interposed between the rings of drive-blades and of correspondingly-varying lengths, as set forth and shown.

2. Inasteam-turbine, the combination with the inclosing case and main steam-induction pipes communicating with the interior of the case at the axis of the turbine, of auxiliary induction-pipes communicating with the case at points intermediate the axis and the periphery of the turbine, and an exhaust-outlet in the periphery of the case as set forth.

3. In a steam-turbine, the combination of a disk fastened at its center to the drivingshaft, a plurality of concentric rings of driveblades projecting from opposite sides of said disk, a stationary case inclosing the disk with its drive-blades, guide-blades fastened to the case and interposed between the drive-blades, main steam-induction pipes communicating with the interior of the case at opposite sides of the central portion of the disk, auxiliary steam-induction pipes connected to the case at points intermediate the axis and the periphery of the turbine, and an exhaust-outlet in the periphery of the case as set forth and shown.

4. The combination with the driving-shaft and turbine fastened thereto, of a case inclosing said turbine and provided with central openings, steam-boxes attached to the exterior of the case and communicating with said openings, and sleeves enveloping the shaft within said steam-boxes as and for the purpose set forth.

PARDON T. PERKINS. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

J. J. LAASS, E. L. MEIER. 

